Global drought has become one of the biggest threats to world food security. With increasing global temperatures and climate change, droughts are becoming more frequent and negatively impacting agricultural production. Data shows that more than 1.5 billion people worldwide are at risk of losing access to food due to prolonged dry conditions. Agriculture is the sector most affected by the drought. Agricultural crops, especially those that require a lot of water such as rice and corn, experience water supply shortages. A significant decline in crop yields could cause a spike in food prices, resulting in a food crisis, and increase poverty rates in many countries, especially in regions that depend on subsistence agriculture. One of the main factors that worsens drought is climate change. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), an increase in global average temperature causes changes in rainfall patterns and the frequency of extreme weather events. Countries in semi-arid and sub-tropical regions, such as parts of Africa, Australia, and South America, are particularly vulnerable. Uncertainty about rainfall has a direct impact on food security, especially due to farming’s dependence on stable weather patterns. In addition, unsustainable agricultural practices contribute to drought. Excessive water use and deforestation reduce the soil’s ability to store moisture. Inefficient irrigation techniques lead to water waste, while conversion of natural land to agricultural land increases the risk of soil erosion and ecosystem instability. Therefore, a more environmentally friendly approach is needed to maintain ecosystem balance. One solution to overcome the impact of drought is the application of modern agricultural technology, such as the use of plant varieties that are resistant to drought. Genetic research has succeeded in developing new seeds that can survive dry conditions, thereby maintaining crop yields. Additionally, smart irrigation systems, which rely on sensors to determine crop water needs, can also improve water use efficiency. Farmer education and training on sustainable farming practices is also vital. By providing knowledge about water conservation, soil maintenance, and crop rotation, we can increase agricultural resilience to weather changes. A community-based approach, where farmers share knowledge and experience, can produce effective local solutions. International cooperation is also important in facing the threat of drought. Global policies that support investment in agricultural infrastructure, research and development are needed. Financial and technical assistance to the most affected countries can help increase adaptive capacity to drought and support global food security. Global drought is not only an environmental problem, but also a social and economic issue. As the frequency and duration of drought increases, significant demographic shifts could occur as populations seek more fertile and food-providing areas. This has the potential to give rise to conflict and increase instability in various parts of the world. Addressing these challenges requires collective action from governments, civil society and the private sector. Through technological innovation, education and cross-border cooperation, we can fight drought and ensure food security for future generations. Remembering that food security is the foundation for social and economic development, the steps taken today will determine the future of humanity.